what is "science-based prevention"?
Prevention strategies that have been rigorously elevuated and shown to be effective. An important component of science-based prevention is using multiple strategies in multiple settings.

risk and protective factors
Individual characteristics or social environments that are associated with an increased likelihood of substance use as known as "risk factors". Those that are related to a decreased likelihood of substance use or of nonuse are known as "protective factors". Research has identified are five primary tragets for prevention intervention (domains) -

	individual		biological and psychological disposition, attitudes, values, knowledge, skills, problem behaviors
	peer		norms, activities
	family		function, management, bonding
	school		bonding, climate, policy, performance
	community/society		bonding, norms, resources, aware/mobilization, policy/sanctions

prevention strategies
Science-based prevention makes use of three important strategies - universal, selective, and indicated.
Universal strategies address the entire population with messages and programs aimed at preventing or delaying the abuse of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs.
Selective strategies focus on subsets of the total population that are deemed to be at risk for substance abuse by virtue of their membership in a particular population segment.
Indicated strategies focus on youth who have begun to experiment but who are not yet in need of treatment.